Blog - Peppy Health

A manager's guide to supporting neurodivergent employees at work

Written by Imogen Clark | August 12, 2026

As a line manager, you have more influence over a neurodivergent employee's day-to-day experience than almost any policy, programme or workplace initiative. The way you communicate, structure tasks, give feedback and respond to challenges shapes whether someone feels safe, supported and able to do their best work, or whether they struggle and eventually disengage.

The good news is that supporting neurodivergent employees well does not require specialist qualifications or perfect knowledge. It requires curiosity, a willingness to be flexible and the confidence to have honest, open conversations. Small adjustments in how you share information, set expectations or run meetings, can make a significant difference to someone's working life. Peppy's specialist neurodiversity practitioners are here to support both you and your employees, offering expert guidance that help employees feel informed and genuinely understood.

What is neurodivergence? A quick primer for managers

Neurodivergence is an umbrella term for the many natural variations in how human brains process information, learn and engage with the world. It is far more common than many managers realise — around one in seven people is neurodivergent, meaning there is a strong chance someone in your team is navigating this every day, whether you know it or not.

Common neurodivergent conditions include:

  • ADHD — can affect focus, impulse control and time management, though it often comes alongside high energy, creativity and the ability to hyperfocus on the right tasks.
  • Autism Spectrum Condition — may influence how someone communicates, processes sensory input or responds to change and uncertainty at work.
  • Dyslexia — affects reading, writing and spelling, and can make processing large volumes of written information particularly demanding.
  • Dyspraxia — can impact coordination, organisation and the ability to process verbal instructions quickly.
  • Dyscalculia — affects how someone understands numbers and data, which can present specific challenges in certain tasks or roles.

It is also worth knowing that many neurodivergent people do not have a formal diagnosis and this is especially true for women and people of colour, who have historically been underdiagnosed and underserved by traditional healthcare systems.

What are reasonable adjustments and do you have to make them?

A reasonable adjustment is any change to a role, environment or way of working that removes or reduces a disadvantage experienced by a disabled employee. Under the Equality Act 2010, UK employers have a legal duty to make reasonable adjustments and many neurodivergent conditions meet the Act's definition of a disability, meaning this duty applies more widely than many managers assume.

One of the most important things to understand is that a formal diagnosis is not required for this duty to apply. If an employee has disclosed that they are struggling (whether or not they have a clinical label) the obligation to consider adjustments may already be in place. Waiting for a diagnosis before taking action is not only potentially unlawful, it can cause real and lasting harm to an employee who simply needed some flexibility sooner.

The most effective adjustments are often straightforward. Providing written instructions alongside verbal ones, allowing noise-cancelling headphones, adjusting deadlines, offering a quieter workspace or simply changing how feedback is delivered can transform someone's experience at work. Many of these cost nothing at all - they just require a willingness to listen, adapt and treat people as individuals.

Practical adjustments that help, by condition

Every employee's experience is different, so the most important thing you can do is ask the person what would actually help them. The suggestions below are practical starting points, not a one-size-fits-all checklist.

ADHD Employees with ADHD often work best when tasks are clearly defined and distractions are minimised.

  • Break large projects into smaller tasks with clear, individual deadlines rather than one distant end date.
  • Agree on a consistent, brief weekly check-in to help with prioritisation — keep it structured and time-bounded.
  • Allow the employee to use noise-cancelling headphones or work in a quieter space during focused work.
  • Send meeting agendas in advance and follow up verbal instructions with a short written summary.

Autism Spectrum Condition Employees on the autism spectrum often thrive with clarity, consistency and predictability in their working environment.

  • Give as much notice as possible before changes to routine, projects or team structure.
  • Provide explicit, written expectations for tasks and projects rather than assuming shared understanding of unspoken norms.
  • Offer the option to attend meetings virtually, even when in the office, to manage sensory or social demands.
  • Avoid ambiguous feedback - be direct, specific and consistent in how you communicate performance expectations.

Dyslexia Employees with dyslexia may find it harder to process written information quickly, particularly under pressure.

  • Share documents, reports and briefings in advance so they have time to read and process at their own pace.
  • Offer the option to submit work using voice notes or verbal presentations rather than written formats where possible.
  • Use clear, sans-serif fonts, generous line spacing and avoid dense blocks of text in written communications.
  • Never put someone on the spot to read aloud in meetings or respond instantly to written material.

Dyspraxia Employees with dyspraxia may find organisation, coordination and processing spoken instructions more challenging.

  • Follow up verbal instructions with a written summary, however brief.
  • Allow additional time for tasks that involve coordination, formatting or physical organisation of materials.
  • Keep meeting structures consistent and predictable so the employee can prepare effectively.
  • Offer flexible deadlines where possible, particularly for tasks that require sequencing multiple steps.

 

How to have the conversation

The best conversations about neurodivergence at work do not start with a diagnosis, they start with genuine curiosity. If you have noticed an employee struggling, focus on what you can change together rather than what appears to be going wrong. Creating a sense of psychological safety matters enormously here; the employee needs to feel that speaking up will lead to support.

A simple, open question is often the most powerful starting point. Something like: "I want to make sure you've got what you need to do your best work - is there anything about how we work together that I could change or do differently?" leaves the door open without putting anyone on the spot.

If an employee does disclose a neurodivergent condition, thank them sincerely for trusting you with that information. Do not express surprise or make assumptions about what it means for their role. Shift quickly to practical next steps - ask what support would feel most helpful, document the conversation and involve HR if adjustments need to be formalised. The disclosure itself is an act of courage; meet it with care.

Common mistakes managers make and how to avoid them

Even well-meaning managers can fall into patterns that make life harder for neurodivergent employees. Here are four of the most common ones worth watching for.

  • Treating variable performance as attitude. Neurodivergent employees can perform inconsistently - highly productive one week, struggling the next. It is easy to read this as disengagement or lack of effort. The reframe: inconsistency is frequently a condition characteristic, not a choice. Before addressing performance, ask what has changed in the employee's workload, environment or routine.
  • Waiting for a formal diagnosis before acting. Many managers hold back on making adjustments until there is clinical confirmation. The reframe: if someone has told you they are struggling, the duty to act may already apply. A diagnosis does not need to come first, a conversation does.
  • Applying one-size-fits-all management. What works for most of the team will not work for everyone. Treating flexibility as unfair to others misses the point. The reframe: equitable management means giving people what they individually need to perform, not giving everyone identical conditions.
  • Missing masking and burnout. Many neurodivergent employees (particularly women) become skilled at hiding their difficulties. They may appear fine right up until they are not. The reframe: if someone seems to be working unusually hard just to keep up, that is worth a quiet, private conversation before burnout takes hold.

How Peppy supports managers

Supporting neurodivergent employees well is much easier when you have the right expertise behind you and that is exactly what Peppy provides. Unlike a standard EAP, Peppy connects managers to specialist neurodiversity practitioners with deep clinical expertise in conditions including ADHD, autism, dyslexia and dyspraxia. They are specialists who understand the nuances of neurodivergence in a workplace context.

Through Peppy, managers can signpost employees to this specialist access available to all employees regardless of role, location or seniority. Peppy can also support the manager themselves and how to support neurodivergent employees. 

When managers feel informed and supported, neurodivergent employees feel it too. That is the difference specialist support makes.

FAQs

Do I need a diagnosis before making adjustments for a neurodivergent employee?
No. Under the Equality Act 2010, the duty to consider reasonable adjustments can apply as soon as an employee discloses they're struggling — a formal diagnosis isn't required to act.

What counts as a reasonable adjustment for neurodivergent employees?
Any change that removes or reduces a disadvantage at work. Written instructions alongside verbal ones, flexible deadlines, noise-cancelling headphones, or adjusted feedback formats. Many cost nothing to implement.

How common is neurodivergence in the workplace?
Around one in seven people is neurodivergent, so most teams include someone navigating this, whether or not it's been disclosed.

How should I start a conversation about neurodivergence with an employee?
Lead with curiosity, not diagnosis. Ask an open question like whether there's anything about how you work together you could change, then focus on practical next steps if they disclose.

What's a common mistake managers make with neurodivergent employees?
Reading inconsistent performance as attitude or effort, rather than recognising it as a common condition characteristic tied to workload, environment, or routine changes.

How does Peppy support managers with neurodiversity?
Peppy connects managers to specialist neurodiversity practitioners for one-to-one coaching on specific situations, plus team training to build broader neuroinclusive awareness.